El folleto de Cirugia De La Tiroides. For information on thyroid patient support organizations, please visit the Patient Support Links section on the ATA website at www. Thyroid Surgery. You have a diagnosis of thyroid cancer. You have a nodule or goiter that is causing local symptoms — compression of the trachea, difficulty swallowing or a visible or unsightly mass. Removal of part of the thyroid can be classified as: An open thyroid biopsy — a rarely used operation where a nodule is excised directly; A hemi-thyroidectomy or thyroid lobectomy — where one lobe one half of the thyroid is removed; An isthmusectomy — removal of just the bridge of thyroid tissue between the two lobes; used specifically for small tumors that are located in the isthmus.
Finally, a total or near-total thyroidectomy is removal of all or most of the thyroid tissue. Figure 1 The recommendation as to the extent of thyroid surgery will be determined by the reason for the surgery. Thyroid Surgery FAQs. Are there other forms of treatment? How should I be evaluated prior to the operation?
How do I select a surgeon? What are the risks of the operation? How much of my thyroid gland needs to be removed? Will I need to take a thyroid pill after my operation? What can I expect once I decide to proceed with surgery? What will be my physical restrictions following surgery? A newer alternative that the doctor can use to treat benign nodules in an office setting is called radiofrequency ablation RFA.
Radiofrequency ablation uses a probe to access the benign nodule under ultrasound guidance, and then treats it with electrical current and heat that shrinks the nodule. Our thyroid experts in the head and neck endocrine surgery team diagnose and treat patients with a variety of thyroid and parathyroid conditions.
Learn about what we offer at our center. A cancer diagnosis is always worrisome, but even if a nodule turns out to be thyroid cancer, you still have plenty of reasons to be hopeful. Thyroid cancer is one of the most treatable kinds of cancer. Surgery to remove the gland typically addresses the problem, and recurrences or spread of the cancer cells are both uncommon. This heats up and shrinks the nodule. Radiofrequency ablation is an alternative when thyroid surgery is not a preferred option and offers faster recovery, fewer complications, and no scarring.
Most people can return to normal activities the day after the procedure and do not require thyroid medication. Please speak with your endocrinologist or endocrine surgeon to see if you qualify for this procedure. The thyroid consists of two lobes, which sit on either side of the windpipe, or trachea.
They are joined by a small piece of tissue, called an isthmus. For a thyroid lobectomy, surgeons remove one lobe of the thyroid and the isthmus. A doctor may also use a lobectomy to manage a single toxic nodule that is causing hyperthyroidism. A lobectomy is also used to remove a thyroid nodule that might contain cancer.
Removing one lobe instead of two often allows the thyroid to continue producing enough thyroid hormone. If the nodule is confirmed to be cancerous, the rest of the thyroid is usually removed in a second, later procedure.
Genetic testing of a nodule often allows surgeons to avoid performing a lobectomy to confirm a diagnosis of thyroid cancer. If testing shows that cancer is likely, surgeons can perform a thyroidectomy, the removal of the entire thyroid, as the first and only procedure.
A lobectomy is usually performed with general anesthesia, although local anesthesia with sedation is possible. You and your doctors determine the best option for you. A person can often go home on the same day as the surgery.
Otherwise, the doctor may ask them to stay overnight for monitoring. When an experienced surgeon performs thyroid removal surgery, the risk of serious complications is low. However, all surgeries involve some risks. The four parathyroid glands help control the amount of calcium in the blood. After total thyroidectomy, a doctor will monitor parathyroid hormone and calcium levels to detect any need for calcium or vitamin D supplementation.
Symptoms of low blood calcium include numbness and tingling sensations or muscle cramps. Another potential complication is that a person will need to take thyroid hormone replacement medication.
If the surgeon removes the entire thyroid, a person will need lifelong hormone replacement. This involves taking levothyroxine Synthroid , a synthetic version of the thyroid hormone. If the surgeon removes only part of the thyroid, there is an 80 percent chance that the remainder of the gland will start producing enough hormone, and a person will not need replacement medication.
However, if the thyroid gland was underactive hypothyroidism , and a person was already taking thyroid hormone replacement, they will likely need to continue taking it after surgery. Most people can return to their regular activities the day after thyroid removal surgery.
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