More serious causes of vaginal bleeding during the early part of pregnancy can include: An ectopic pregnancy a pregnancy that starts outside the uterus and will not survive. A miscarriage losing the baby early in a pregnancy.
A molar pregnancy a fertilized egg that implants in the uterus that does not live. In later pregnancy, the following medical conditions can cause vaginal bleeding: Placental abruption the placenta detaches from the wall of the uterus during birth.
Placenta previa the placenta is lying too low in the uterus and nearly covers the cervix. Preterm labor labor that starts before completing 37 of 40 weeks of pregnancy. Things to consider If you experience bleeding or spotting at any time during your pregnancy, your doctor will want to collect as much information as possible.
That will include: How far along is your pregnancy? Have you had bleeding at any other time during your pregnancy? When did the bleeding start? Is the bleeding heavy or spotting? Does it start and stop? How much blood is there? What color is the blood bright red or dark brown? Does the blood have an odor? Do you have cramps or pain? Do you feel weak, tired, faint, or dizzy? Have you experienced vomiting, nausea, or diarrhea? Do you have a fever?
Were you recently injured such as a fall or car accident? Have you engaged in any physical activity? Are you under extra stress? When did you last have sex? Did you bleed afterward?
Do you have a bleeding disorder? Women with bleeding disorders are at risk of complications during and after pregnancy. This includes iron-deficiency anemia, bleeding during pregnancy, and serious bleeding after delivery postpartum hemorrhage.
Talk to your doctor before getting pregnant if you have a bleeding disorder. Also, bleeding disorders are genetic. What is your blood type? If your blood type is Rh negative, you will need treatment with a medicine called Rho D immune globulin. This prevents complications with future pregnancies. Questions to ask your doctor Can certain foods such as spicy foods cause bleeding?
Is it best to avoid having sex throughout your entire pregnancy? These genetic changes can cause health problems for a baby. Problems related to smoking. Sometimes bleeding or spotting in the first trimester is a sign of a serious problem, like: Miscarriage.
Almost all women who miscarry have bleeding or spotting before the miscarriage. Ectopic pregnancy. This is when a fertilized egg implants itself outside of the uterus and begins to grow. An ectopic pregnancy cannot result in the birth of a baby. It can cause serious, dangerous problems for the pregnant woman. Molar pregnancy. This is when a mass of tissue forms inside the womb, instead of a baby. Molar pregnancy is rare. What causes bleeding or spotting later in pregnancy?
Bleeding or spotting later in pregnancy may be caused by: Labor Having sex An internal exam by your health care provider Problems with the cervix, like an infection, growths, inflammation or cervical insufficiency.
Inflammation of the cervix is when it may be painful, swollen, red or irritated. Bleeding or spotting later in pregnancy may be a sign of a serious problem, like: Preterm labor. This is labor that happens too early, before 37 weeks of pregnancy. Placenta previa. This is when the placenta lies very low in the uterus and covers all or part of the cervix.
Placenta accreta. This is when the placenta grows into the wall of the uterus too deeply. Placental abruption.
This is when the placenta separates from the wall of the uterus before birth. Uterine rupture. This is when the uterus tears during labor. This happens very rarely. It can happen if you have a scar in the uterus from a prior cesarean birth also called c-section or another kind of surgery on the uterus. A c-section is surgery in which your baby is born through a cut that your doctor makes in your belly and uterus.
How are bleeding and spotting treated? Your provider may also suggest treatments like: Take time off from work and stay off your feet for a little while You may need medicine to help protect your baby from Rh disease. During pregnancy, extra blood is flowing to the cervix. Intercourse or a Pap test, which cause contact with the cervix, can trigger light bleeding. Call or go to an emergency room immediately if you have any of these signs of miscarriage:.
Be sure to bring any tissue that passes through your vagina in for testing, too. Your doctor will use vaginal and abdominal ultrasounds to determine the cause of your bleeding.
Most women who miscarry go on to have healthy pregnancies, but having a miscarriage is one of the most challenging things a woman and her partner can go through. Finding a support group or counselor can help a lot.
You can ovulate and become pregnant as soon as 2 weeks after a miscarriage, but many healthcare providers recommend waiting a bit longer.
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